Aspirator.



A. P. LEONARD. AASPIRATOR.

APPLICATION FILED NOV. 30| 1914.

Patented Apr. 3, 191?.

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A. P. LEONARD.

ASPIRATOR.

APPLICATloN FILED Nov. 30.. 1914.

Patented Apr. 3, 1917.

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ALBERT P. LEONARD, 0F NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO HONOLULU IRON WORKS COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF HAWAII.

ASPIRA'IOR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 3, 1917.,

Application led November 30, 1914. Serial No. 874,613.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, ALBERT P. LEONARD, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have invented new and useful Improvements in Aspirators, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to aspirators, and in certain aspects thereof more particularly to aspirators adaptable to drawing theair and non-condensable gases from condensers and the like, the aspirator utilizing for this purpose the waste or discharged condenser water.

The objects and advantages of the invenw tion will be set forth hereinafter in part, and in part will be obvious herefrom, the same being attained through the means pointed out in the appended claims.

The invention consists in the novel parts, constructions, arrangements, combinations and improvements herein shown and described.

'Ihe accompanying drawings referred to herein, and constituting a part hereof illustrate one embodiment of the invention, and together with the description, serve to explain the principles thereof.

Figure l is a central vertical section through a device embodying the invention;

Fig. 2 is aI fragmentary top plan corresponding to Fig. l; and

Fig. 3 is a horizontal section on line 3--8 of Fig. l.

Fig. 4C is a diagrammatic view of a condenser and connections therefrom.

In the usual type of aspirator without means of by-passing the water from the condenser, and in various other structures, a reasonable degree of efficiency and of satisfactory operation is attained where the outflow of the condensing water is constant. In many such devices, however, it is necessary to very greatly vary the water flow in the condenser, as by setting a water inlet valve, either to take care of varying quantities of incoming steam to be condensed, or as in the case of vacuum pans for sugar production, to change the vacuum or heat in the. apparatus. As an illustration of such variations occurring in the manufacture of sugar, if it be assumed that the temperature of the condensing water is constant at about 85 F, the weight of water passing down the fall pipe will decrease from 72 pounds to Q6 pounds per pound of steam condensed in reducing the vacuum from 28 to 26 inches of mercury.

By means of my invention I am enabled to maintain the velocity and volume of the condensing water used by the aspirator substantially constant for all variations in the quantity of water used to meet the various conditions and requirements of condensing, thereby maintaing a uniform suction on the air and gas inlet. This is accomplished, in accordance with one feature of the invention, by designing the throat area for the minimum quantity of water required in regular working for condensing the vapors from the vacuum pans, or other chambers, and at the same time automatically taking care of all surplusage of water required for the condensing, without any valve setting or any thought or calculation on the part of the workmen. This also acts to effect a saving of water, as it is not necessary at any time to use more water than is required to condense the steam in order to maintain the proper water velocity in the aspirator. In changing the heat or vacuum on the pan, it is only necessary to alter the setting of the water inlet valve in accordance with the changed or changing requirements of the condenser. No juggling or correlating between the water valve and air outlet valve is required.

Referring now more particularly to the present embodiment, an outer pipe or casing l which may be called the fall pipe is suitably connected to receive the outflow of condensing water, and for this purpose it may be joined at its top to the bottom 2 of a condenser. The fall pipe 1 at a relatively short distance below its upper end is provided with a contracted throat formed by a ring or member 3 in the form of an inverted hollow frustum of a cone with its upper edge l fitting closely and smoothly into the walls of the fall pipe 1, and with its lower edge 5 forming a contracted throat about an internal overfiow pipe 6. The overflow pipe has its upper end or intake at a point above said throat.

The air and incondensable gas inlet 7 is of annular form and circumjacent the contracted outlet of the throat 5, and is formed by a casing 8 encircling the member 3 so as to give free passage thereabout to the air and vapors which are drawn in through theannular' inlet 7 by the water flow. The space within the casing 8 is inclosed at the bottom by a horizontal annular flange or shelf atltached to or formed upon the fall pipe 1 and extending inwardly toV form the lower part of casing 8 and the lower edge 11 of the air and gas inlet 7. From just belowthe throat and air and gas inlet 7, a flanged and somewhat conically shaped pipe member 9 expands or increases in diameter downwardl'y to the full size of the fall pipe 1 again. rIlhe pipe lis shown in sections for convenience in manufacture and in assembling. The space within the casing S communicates by means of a pipe 12 with a pipe 15 leading'to the air outlet 16 of the condenser or other chamber to be exhausted. yThe overflow pipe 6 is held in position in aV suitable manner within the fall pipe 1, as Yby means of spiders or struts 13.

In the operation of the device, the throat 5 isv full of water under the minimum requirements of the condenser but producing sui'iicient suction or aspirating action to dra-w ofil all the air and gases, the velocity of the water at the throat being constant under the head maintained. As the quantity of water increases to meet varying re- Y quirements in the work of condensing, it

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backs up the upper portion of the fall pipe and on reaching the top 14- of the overflow pipe 6, it flows Vdownwardly within Y to secure by Letters Patent is a contracted throat in the fall pipe, an air 1. An aspirator including in combination Va fall Vpipe receiving the condenser water,

andgas inlet opening into'the fall pipe adjacentV to the throat, and an overflow pipe l Copies of this patent may be obtained for Within the fall pipe with its intake above the throat.

` 2. An aspirator including in combination a fall pipe receiving the condenser water,

'an annular throat within the fall pipe, an

annular air and gas inlet opening into the fall pipe about said throat, and an overfiow pipe within the fall pipe and having its intake above the throat.

3. An hydraulic aspirator including in combination a pipe with a contracted throat, a gas inlet adjacent thereto, and an overflow pipe within, and having its intake above, said contracted throat.

41:. In combination with a condenser, a fall pipe receiving the condenser water therefrom, a contracted throat in the fall pipe below the condenser, an air and gas inlet opening into the fall pipe adjacent to the throat, and a pipe supplying the air and gases to said inlet, said pipe being` adapted to communicate with the air outlet of the condenser, and means for carrying away any surplus water from said throat.

5. In combination with a condenser, a fall pipe receiving the condenser water therefrom, a contracted throat in the fall pipe below the condenser, an air and gas inlet `opening into the fall pipe adjacent to the throat, and means within said pipe at said throat for diminishing the area at that point and conducting away any surplus water from said throat, and a pipe supplying the air and gases to said inlet, said pipe being adapted to communicate with the air outlet of the condenser.

6. In combination with a condenser, a fall pipe receiving the condenser water therefrom, a contracted throat in the fall pipe below the condenser, an air and gas inlet opening into the fall pipe adjacent to the throat, and an overflow pipe within the fall pipe with its intake above said throat, and a pipe supplying the air and gases to said inlet, said pipe being adapted to communicate with the air outlet of the condenser.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

` ALBERT P. LEONARD.

Witnesses:

JOHN D. MORGAN, Louisa LoEHR.

ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C. 

